轮胎是汽车的重要部件之一,它直接与路面接触,和汽车悬架共同来缓和汽车行驶时所受到的冲击,保证汽车有良好的乘座舒适性和行驶平顺性;保证车轮和路面有良好的附着性,提高汽车的牵引性、制动性和通过性;承受着汽车的重量,轮胎在汽车上所起的重要作用越来越受到人们的重视。
长期以来,废旧轮胎处置和资源化利用技术一直是环境保护的世界性难题。我国轮胎年产量已超过1亿只,居世界第三位,每年产生的废旧轮胎达5000多万只,重量140余万吨。但年处理量只有20多万吨,仅占总产生量的14.2%,大量废旧轮胎被丢弃或露天堆放。随着轿车进入家庭和汽车拥有量的增加,废旧轮胎的产生量正进入迅速增长阶段,轮胎如何有效回收利用,防止对环境造成直接污染和二次污染,也是中国废物资源回收利用中迫切需要解决的重大课题。
废旧轮胎的主要成分为橡胶、钢丝、纤维丝,再生利用方法是将废旧轮胎通过各种技术将内部的钢丝、纤维分离出来并将胶块研磨成胶粒或胶粉,其优势在于可使废轮胎的利用率达到99%以上,可以循环利用,且生产过程中没有二次污染,通过生产环保型再生胶回收利用废旧轮胎是集环保与资源再利用于一体的环保发展模式。废旧轮胎的处理方式有多种,例如:翻新轮胎、生产轮胎再生胶及胶粉、热解和焚烧等等方式,其中对环境污染最少的应该是翻新轮胎和生产轮胎再生胶。根据轮胎品牌和型号不同,生产的轮胎再生胶质量也有很大差异。
轮胎不仅仅只有橡胶,而且还有钢丝线,因此在进行轮胎撕碎的时候往往还需要把轮胎内部的钢丝线一起切断,洁普智能环保自主研发的GFM系列轮胎钢丝分离机可以一次性撕碎轮胎中的钢丝,无需进行二次工作。
GFM系列轮胎钢丝分离机是洁普针对现在废旧轮胎回收兴起趋势,结合实践经验自主研发的一种设备。GFM系列轮胎钢丝分离机由电机、减速机、旋转刀辊、箱体、机架、筛网、液压辅助机构等构成。该设备将经过前期初步处理后的废旧轮胎胶块(50-100mm)粉碎成15-30mm颗粒,在粉碎过程中将钢丝和部分纤维与橡胶进行分离。通过旋转刀辊上的锉刀与箱体上的锉刀对橡胶块形成的剪切、挤挫作用,将橡胶块进行撕碎、剪切加工到较小粒度。同时,在橡胶块被破碎的过程中将钢丝和部分纤维与橡胶进行筛选分离。钢丝分离机底部配有筛网,小于筛网孔的物料,会通过筛网落出;大于筛网孔的物料,会留在破碎腔体内,再次循环破碎,直到破碎到小于筛网孔落出为止。
废旧轮胎的回收正好符合现在的可持续发展策略,不仅仅可以得到国家政策的支持,同时更可以兼顾到经济效益。但是如果要进行投资废旧轮胎回收,还需考虑到场地建设,设备技术,人工成本以及水电消耗,前期回收废轮胎成本,后期可能出现的资金周转等问题。
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