“
延伸昨天的变速箱话题,很多朋友会提到,市面车辆自动变速箱比较多,有哪些需要选择和注意的事情,还有就是维护保养相关内容,今天一并与大家聊聊。
第一个跟大家说的是自动挡不能空挡滑行,手挡很多老司机喜欢下坡的时候挂空挡滑行,理论上手挡也是不应该空挡滑行的,因为没法使用发动机的制动效果,如果下坡比较多的路段,刹车系统的压力会很大。自动挡不能空挡滑行是因为自动变速箱并不是齿轮和齿轮之间咬合输出的动力,而是各个行星齿轮带动变速箱油转动的结果,空挡时可能会造成变速箱油温度过高,长此以往会造成变速箱的损坏。
第二个要讲的是,如果没有什么特殊情况,就不要用自动挡的手挡模式了。我遇到过一类司机,买的手自一体,喜欢用手挡模式开车,理由很充分,这样可以省油。而实际上,变速箱电脑有自己一套运算方式,包括对路况、速度等进行计算,给出最合理的换挡时机。所以用手挡模式,这样并不能省什么油,反而会因为操作不当造成变速箱的损伤。
第三个常见问题,既然P档是驻车档,那是不是就不用拉手刹了?不可以,变速箱驻车棘爪的间隙会逐渐变大,这套系统不能承受太大压力,长此以往只能进行变速箱的维修了,而自动变速箱的维修是一个十分复杂的操作,所以,手刹还是要拉的。
自动挡也分很多种,AT,AMT,CVT,还有DSG双离合,双离合又分干式和湿式(以后单独拿出一期节目讲DSG),操作相同,但是驾驶的感觉区别很大。AT变速箱除了PRND档之外,一般还有2L和L档,L档是低速档,有较大下坡路况时,可以使用L档增加发动机制动,降低速度。2L档是二档起步的意思,比如湿滑路面,或者雪地路面出现D档打滑的时候,可以切换到2L档起步。多见于十年前的车型,新车型大多是AMT。
AMT也就是前面说的手自一体变速箱,其实AMT并没有什么齿轮间的切换换挡,只是人为写进了电脑程序,模拟了加减档的操作,同理,CVT作为无极变速,同样有虚拟档位的设置。说白了是为了驾驶体验更好,还是前文说的那个话题,不是特殊情况,没必要使用。AMT手自一体变速箱一般档把上写的是PRNDS,m+,m-,这个m±就是手动加减档。那个S档就是昨天文章中提的运动模式,通过换单延时来实现推背感。
CVT是无极变速,通过皮带和两个椎体齿轮进行加减档操作,最大的好处是完全消除了换挡的顿挫感,并且因为加速平顺,动力传输简单的原因,实现了省油。但是CVT是皮带连接操作,大扭矩输出可能出现皮带打滑的情况,所以大排量,大扭矩的车辆是无法使用CVT的,一旦车辆配置是CVT变速箱,首先考虑的是燃油经济性。所以适用于家庭代步车,您追求豪华和动力,CVT显然并不满足条件。
目前豪华车越来越喜欢用电子档,比如奔驰的怀挡,奥迪、宝马的电子档把,捷豹路虎的旋钮档,林肯的按键换挡等等。电子档实现也很简单,普通车辆是手动换挡,手的力量输出个齿轮间的切换,而电子档,增加了一个电机,电机接受电信号之后进行换挡操作。电子档需要一个适应的过程,所有换挡操作一定要踩刹车才能进行。特别是电子档,要防止出现挂错档的情况。
变速箱油(ATF油)更换也是大家比较关注的话题,一般来说自动变速箱油的更换周期保养手册上也没有写明,只是说需要进行检查。自动变速箱体积比手挡大很多,里面充满了变速箱油,正常更换变速箱油,只能换油底壳中的变速箱油,无法100%全部更换。还有一种是通过清洗设备,循环清洗几遍,最后变速箱中的油是新老油并存的状态。三喜建议,最迟每隔8万公里就要进行变速箱油的更换,用车讲究的老司机4万公里就要更换变速箱油了。因为变速箱油长时间高温工作,时间久了会粘稠,影响动力传输,粘稠的变速箱油还可能造成温度过高。而手动变速箱油是齿轮油,每隔4万公里更换一次,保养的成本远远低于自动变速箱。
汽车保养是门学问,希望通过三喜车帮为您提供爱车养护用得上的小窍门。
”
原创文章,作者:cesifu,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.cesifu.com/article/64824.html
评论列表(24条)
The clarity and thoughtfulness of The approach is as appealing as a deep conversation over coffee.
This post is a testament to The expertise and hard work. Thank you!
Each post is a window into The thoughts, and I must say, the view is stunning.
The clarity and thoughtfulness of The approach is as appealing as a deep conversation over coffee.
The warmth and intelligence in The writing is as comforting as a cozy blanket on a cold night.
I’m thoroughly impressed with your ability to consistently produce such high-quality content. Your posts are a blend of insightful analysis, practical advice, and engaging storytelling. Your blog is a must-read for anyone seeking to deepen their knowledge.
The voice shines through The writing like a beacon, guiding us through the darkness of ignorance.
The fresh insights were a breath of fresh air. Thank you for sharing The unique perspective.
The Writing is a constant source of inspiration and knowledge. Thank you!
Every post of Thes is a learning opportunity for me. Thanks for sharing The expertise.
The unique perspective is as intriguing as a mystery novel. Can’t wait to read the next chapter.
This article is a perfect blend of informative and entertaining. Well done!
Your writing style is captivating! I was engaged from start to finish.
Your blog is a go-to resource for me. Thanks for all the hard work!
Each post you share is like a gift, wrapped in the finest paper of eloquence and insight.
The article was a joy to read, and The enthusiasm is as infectious as The charm.
Thank you for consistently producing such high-quality content.
This is a brilliant piece of writing. You’ve nailed it perfectly!
Your creativity and intelligence shine through this post. Amazing job!
This was a thoroughly insightful enjoy reading. Thank you for sharing your expertise!
Your post was a beacon of knowledge. Thank you for illuminating this subject.
Your ability to distill complex concepts into enjoy readingable content is admirable.
Your work is truly inspirational. I appreciate the depth you bring to your topics.
Your thoughtful analysis has really made me think. Thanks for the great enjoy reading!