所谓的制动拖滞，是指驾驶员在完全放松制动踏板以后，汽车的制动不能立即解除或不能完全解除，仍然具有相当强度的制动力的现象。比如说汽车的正常制动解除时间一般是0.2~1.0秒，如果制动解除超过了这个时间，基本就可以定义为制动拖滞。具体表现就是松开刹车后汽车仍然在减速行驶，刹车片过热甚至烧蚀。
导致制动拖滞的原因很多，不同型式的制动系统故障的部位也不同。以我们最常见的液压制动系统为例，导致制动拖滞的故障常见原因有：制动踏板没有自由行程，制动踏板回位弹簧折断或丢失、制动总泵故障、制动分泵锈蚀或卡滞、制动蹄支撑销锈蚀、刹车片与刹车盆间隙调整过小、刹车片回位弹簧折断或丢失、刹车油太脏、导致粘度过大使回油困难、轮毂轴承松旷或损坏，等等，对于有ABS系统的车型来说，ABS泵故障也会导致制动拖滞现象。
对于卡车使用的气压制动系统来说，导致制动拖滞的故障常见原因有：制动踏板没有自由行程，制动踏板回位弹簧折断或丢失、制动总泵内部故障、继动阀内部故障、制动系统排气不畅、制动分泵锈蚀或卡滞、制动凸轮轴弯曲、制动蹄支撑销锈蚀、刹车片与刹车盆间隙调整过小、刹车片回位弹簧折断或丢失、手制动阀及继动阀故障，等等。
制动拖滞现象会导致汽车经常处于制动状态，刹车片与刹车盘（或刹车盆）始终在摩擦，生成大量的热，从而导致车轮制动器的烧蚀，严重时甚至会导致汽车自燃；同时它还会增加汽车的行驶阻力，导致汽车油耗增加、加速变慢等，所以有这种现象必须立即修理。绝大多数的制动拖滞故障都是由于制动传动零部件锈蚀导致的，我们把这些部位分解、除锈、润滑，一般就可以解除制动拖滞的故障；对于气压制动系统而言，更容易出现的故障是气压控制系统，比如制动总泵漏气、手制动阀漏气、继动阀漏气，等等，这些零部件一般只能更换，很难修理。
原创文章，作者：cesifu，如若转载，请注明出处：http://www.cesifu.com/article/30233.html
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