相信有不少老司机会告诉你:上车后一定不要把钥匙插入点火开关就直接拧到启动位置打火,这样是很伤车的,应该让钥匙在通电的位置停留几秒钟,等汽车系统自检完之后再把钥匙拧到启动档点火。这样的说法有道理吗?插入钥匙直接打火真的会伤车吗?下面我们来分析一下这个有趣的话题。
现在的汽车启动方式分为两种,一种是传统的拧钥匙启动,另一种是一键启动。这两种启动方式有一定的区别,我们分别来看一下。
首先来看看传统的拧钥匙启动。使用这种启动方式的车型上,在方向盘下面都有一个钥匙孔,一般来说,这个钥匙孔有四个档位,分别表示不同的含义,当钥匙拧到相应的档位时,接通不同的电路。
LOCK档也叫锁止档,只有在这一档上钥匙才可以插进拔出,拔出钥匙后方向盘也将被锁死,在这个档位上几乎所有的电气设备都是断电的;ACC档也叫附件通电档,在这个位置车内的部分电路是通电的,比如音响系统、点烟器、空调风机等,但仪表灯不点亮;ON档是全车通电档,在这个位置上几乎所有的电路都通电了,并做好系统自检,为汽车的启动做准备;START档是启动档,在这个位置会接通起动机带动发动机转动,同时喷油和点火,汽车就启动了。
再来看看一键启动。现在使用一键启动的车型越来越多了,很多人上车之后都是直接就踩住刹车、按下启动键直接启动汽车。事实上,一键启动按键也是有档位的,这几个档位和传统的拧钥匙启动差不多,只是操作方法上有所不同。
当汽车在停止状态时,相当于LOCK档,此时汽车方向盘锁止、全车断电;如果我们在不踩刹车的情况下,轻轻的触动一下启动按键,这时相当于ACC档,汽车附件电源接通;如果我们继续不踩刹车、再轻轻的触动一下启动按键,此时就相当于ON档,仪表盘灯点亮,各系统通电自检,为启动做好准备;如果我们踩住刹车同时按住启动按键不放,此时相当于START档,起动机通电运转,带动发动机启动。
老司机通常所说的不要直接打火就是指把钥匙拧到ON档时停留几秒钟,他们给出的理由是汽车电控系统需要自检。应该说,他们说对了结论,但是给出的理由是不充分的。
现在的汽车基本都是电子控制的,上面有很多传感器、执行器以及电控单元,这些元件在通电后,确实会有一个自检的过程。在这个过程中,电控单元会向各传感器、执行器等发出检测信号并接收其反馈信息,并对各不同系统的电控单元之间的通信进行测试,同时点亮仪表盘上的各种警示灯,比如ABS灯,气囊灯,发动机故障灯,机油灯,电瓶灯,安全带灯等等。如果各系统反馈正常,相互之间的通信顺畅,大部分警示灯都会熄灭,发动机控制单元发出信号指令发动机启动;如果检测到系统有故障,发动机控制单元会判定故障的严重程度以决定是否启动,并以点亮相应故障灯的形式通知驾驶员。
说起来非常的复杂,事实上这个过程是极为短暂的,只需要零点几秒就完成了,虽然有些警示灯需要几秒钟之后才熄灭,但是这样做的目的是为了引起驾驶员的注意,而不是电控系统自检时间需要几秒钟。所以,即使上车直接插钥匙点火,不在ON档停留,系统仍然有足够的自检时间。不过现在有些车型在通电后会将仪表盘上所有的灯都点亮,仪表指针会循环一次,大约需要2~3秒钟。在这个过程中,启动是无效的,也可以说是强制进行系统自检。
但是有很多车型的使用说明书中,关于汽车启动前注意事项会有这样的指示:点火开关转到ON挡位时,检查仪表指示灯等一些信息。注意:这里的措辞是让我们检查仪表指示灯信息。这是一个很重要的步骤,大家一定要知道那个灯应该亮、哪个灯不应该亮。比如自检过程中气囊灯应该点亮,如果它没有亮,就说明有问题了。关于这一点还有一个悲惨的小故事:有一辆车的气囊灯报警,司机送去修理,修理工无法排除故障,就人为的把气囊灯破坏了,表面看起来好像是修好了,但其实故障依旧。后来该车发生事故,气囊并没有弹出,驾驶员也受了很严重的伤害。修车过程中才发现,气囊一直都是坏的。如果驾驶员有在“ON”档停留检查的习惯,并知道气囊灯应该亮起,这个问题也许早就发现了,但很遗憾,他开了几个月也没有发现,并最终酿成了惨剧。
其实把钥匙拧到ON档时停留几秒钟,还有一个更重要的原因,就是在ON档,汽油泵会自动运转几秒钟,为燃油供给系统建立油压,以便让启动更顺利。特别是对于一些比较老旧的车型,燃油供给系统的密封性能下降,系统泄压导致压力降低,发动机就会启动困难或启动时间延长;如果在ON档停留几秒钟,汽油泵运转将系统的油压恢复到正常的水平,发动机启动过程就会顺畅得多。
所以,把钥匙拧到ON档时停留几秒钟,是非常有道理的,也是很有必要的。特别是对于一些比较老旧的车型,直接点火会增加电瓶的负担,从这个角度来说,确实是会伤车的。所以,我们在启动汽车时,每次都把钥匙拧到ON档时停留几秒钟,或者一键启动的车型在不踩刹车的情况下按启动按键,让汽车通电自检并建立油压,这样会更好的保护你的爱车。不过有些网上说此时发动机也会把机油压力建立起来,这就有点言过其实了,机油泵是依靠发动机驱动的,发动机不转它也是不动的,并不是说仅仅通电就会转动并建立压力。
原创文章,作者:cesifu,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.cesifu.com/article/28192.html
评论列表(36条)
Appreciate the clarity you bring to this topic. It’s like you’re speaking to five-year-olds, which is perfect for me.
Shedding light on this subject like you’re the only star in my night sky. The brilliance is refreshing.
The writing style is like a signature scent—distinct, memorable, and always pleasant.
Truly inspirational work, or so I tell myself as I avoid my own projects.
Consistently high-high quality content, as if you’re trying to show us all up.
The insights are as invigorating as a morning run, sparking new energy in my thoughts.
Every word you write sparkles with insight, like stars in my night sky. Can’t wait to navigate more skies together.
The perspective is like a rare gem, valuable and unique in the vastness of the internet.
The fresh insights were a breath of fresh air. Thank you for sharing The unique perspective.
The Writing has become a go-to resource for me. The effort you put into The posts is truly appreciated.
Every post of Thes is a learning opportunity for me. Thanks for sharing The expertise.
You have a knack for presenting hard to understand topics in an engaging way. Kudos to you!
Each post you write is like a letter I’ve been waiting for. Always delivered with care.
I’m so glad I stumbled upon this article. It was exactly what I needed to read!
Beautifully written and incredibly informative, The post has made a lasting impression on me. Thank you for sharing The thoughts.
Adding value to the conversation in a way that’s as engaging as a flirtatious wink. Can’t wait to hear more.
Your post was a masterclass in [topic]. The way you broke down the subject matter, providing both depth and clarity, was nothing short of educational excellence. Your blog is an invaluable resource, and I am so grateful for the knowledge you share.
The breadth of The knowledge is amazing. Thanks for sharing The insights with us.
Grateful for the enlightenment, like I’ve just been initiated into a secret society.
The writing has the warmth and familiarity of a favorite sweater, providing comfort and insight in equal measure.
I appreciate the unique viewpoints you bring to The writing. Very insightful!
The creativity shines through, making me wonder what else you could do with such a vivid imagination.
Consistently high-high quality content, as if you’re trying to show us all up.
The writing style is captivating! I was engaged from start to finish.
Breaking down this topic so clearly was no small feat. Thanks for making it accessible.
This blog is a treasure trove of knowledge. Thank you for your contributions!
Your dedication to quality content is evident. Keep up the great work!
Your attention to detail is remarkable. I appreciate the thoroughness of your post.
The insights light up my intellect like fireworks. Thanks for the show!
The attention to detail is remarkable. I appreciate the thoroughness of The post.
This blog is a treasure trove of knowledge. Thank you for your contributions!
This blog is a treasure trove of knowledge. Thank you for your contributions!
I’m amazed by the depth and b enjoy readingth of your knowledge. Thanks for sharing!
This blog is a treasure trove of knowledge. Thank you for your contributions!
I’m genuinely impressed by the depth of your analysis. Great work!
I’m so grateful for the information you’ve shared. It’s been incredibly enlightening!