现在购买纯电动汽车的人越来越多了,虽然纯电动汽车的诞生时间很早,但是商业化的时间很短。纯电动汽车的商业化发展也不过十几年的时间,相比燃油汽车来说,时间非常的短,所以在自燃这个问题上和燃油车还是没办法比的。最近一段时间,就有特别多纯电动汽车自燃的现象。那么这些自燃都是什么原因引起的呢?纯电动汽车在什么样的前提下,特别容易自燃呢?
其实纯电动汽车的自燃现象大概分成了5种,分别是,充电自燃、行驶自燃、碰撞自燃、浸泡自燃、停车自燃,其中充电自燃占比最高,甚至超过40%。 今天我们就说一说这5种自燃的情况。
充电自燃
充电的时候汽车发生自燃,是纯电动汽车自燃比例最高的,达到了40%。而充电的时候汽车发生自燃的原因也非常多。比如说使用不规范的充电线,使用不符合规定的充电桩。就会对纯电动汽车的充电带来安全隐患。而且现在纯电动汽车都有快充,将原本需要7~8个小时的充电时间压缩到了3~4个小时,在一定程度上也给汽车自燃增加了安全隐患。
行驶自燃
汽车在行驶的过程中发生自燃的情况也很多,不仅仅是纯电动汽车在燃油汽车上,行驶过程中也容易发生自燃,比如说一些上了年龄的老车。发动机舱的线路老化。就特别容易自燃。
对于纯电动汽车来说,电池的散热系统失效,无法散热,存储的热量过多,就会引起自燃,此外电池的相关电控系统出现了问题,也会引起自燃。
碰撞自燃
碰撞自然大家就非常好理解了,就是汽车电池受损。但这种情况往往是不经意间的。有时候,纯电动汽车驾驶员磕碰底盘,但是碰撞的时候车辆没有发生任何问题,但电池受损变形之后,又过了一段时间才发生问题。于是很多消费者就摸不清头脑了。所以对于纯电动汽车消费者来说,一定要注意保护好底盘,在底盘磕碰之后要及时的检查电池是否变形。
浸泡自燃
纯电动汽车在雨天行驶是没有任何问题的,由于没有进气系统,因此理论上来说纯电动汽车的涉水深度是比燃油车要更大一些的。但是电池的内部绝对不能有水进入,如果有水进入的话,很有可能会造成线路的短路,从而引发自燃,一般情况下电池在出厂和车辆安装的时候都会经过大量的安全测试,对电池进行密封。所以,平常的时候不会有任何的问题,但难免会有个例的出现。所以不管是纯电动汽车也好,燃油车也好,尽量不要涉水。
停车自燃
也有一些纯电动汽车在停放的时候,自然而然的就着了。其实这也是有原因的。比如说在炎热的夏季,纯电动汽车在行驶的过程中,散热系统是工作的状态,但是在停车之后散热系统也停止了工作。是由于电池内部在行驶的时候产生的高温,加上外部的高温环境,有可能会导致电池过热,从而引发自燃的现象。还有一部分原因是电池本来就受损了,但是消费者没有察觉到。在停放的过程当中,不自觉的就燃烧了。
总结:
上面讲的这5种纯电动汽车特别容易发生自燃的状态,行驶自燃,碰撞自燃,浸泡自燃,这三种状态往往驾驶员就在车内。因此消费者在日常驾驶的时候要特别注意。而停车自燃,充电自燃这两种情况,消费者往往不在车内,不会对人身安全造成损害。
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