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在新能源汽车补贴大幅退坡的形势下,成本更低的磷酸铁锂电池又有“回暖”之势,曾是这条技术路线“坚定派”代表的比亚迪再次曝出新的铁锂电池研产计划。8月22日,比亚迪业绩交流会上透露,将于明年5-6月份推出的全新一代铁锂电池,体积比能量密度将提升50%,寿命长达8年120万公里,成本还可以节约30%。
磷酸铁锂和三元电池的路线之争由来已久,前者的优势在于稳定性高、价格相对便宜,然而能量密度的提升空间有限。作为磷酸铁锂电池领域的龙头老大,比亚迪一直在努力突破其能量密度的天花板。2018年,比亚迪曾表示磷酸铁锂单体能量密度165Wh/kg,包体140Wh/kg。未来两年规划单体能量密度提升至180Wh/kg以上,包体提升至160Wh/kg。
在实际的市场应用中,2017年以前,磷酸铁锂在新能源汽车领域的装机量占比高达70%,在新能源补贴向高能量密度和高续航车型倾斜后,磷酸铁锂电池的市场占比逐渐下滑,今年上半年的市场份额下降至32%。但新能源补贴退坡力度越来越大,鉴于降低成本等压力,车企也在将把目光转向成本更低的磷酸铁锂等材料。
中国化学与物理电源行业协会数据显示,2019年磷酸铁锂电池电芯的市场报价已降至0.7元/Wh以下,三元电池电芯的报价则在0.9元/Wh左右徘徊,两者差距开始扩大。伴随着2021年补贴的全面退出,磷酸铁锂的价格优势将不断凸显。
比亚迪从2018年开始对外开放供应电池,未来还将拆分整个电池业务,以实现独立上市。此次公布的新一代铁锂电池计划如能顺利实现,对比亚迪在动力电池及新能源政策方面的竞争力将大有裨益,也有利于消费者买到续航更长、更安全、成本更低的新能源车。
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原创文章,作者:cesifu,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.cesifu.com/article/52645.html
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