作者/张泽明近年来,在财政补贴的刺激下,电动汽车一枝独秀,占据了新能源汽车市场的大部分份额。补贴逐渐减少后,电动车车型大幅减少。9月19日,工信部发布关于拟撤销《免征车辆购置税的新能源汽车车型目录》名单的公示,432款车型因在12个月内无产量或无进口量,从目录中被剔除,这其中绝大部分是电动汽车。今年,国家层面明确了对氢燃料电池车与甲醇燃料汽车的支持,在电动车技术相对成熟但补贴退坡的情况下,厂商对发展氢能源与甲醇能源汽车跃跃欲试。各种不同动力的新能源车群雄逐鹿,放马市场,多种动力源竞争角逐态势日益凸显。
甲醇燃料汽车蓄势待发从2012年在全国4省1市试点开始,甲醇汽车推广应用的速度逐渐加快。今年3月份国家8部委联合发布的《关于在部分地区开展甲醇汽车应用的指导意见》中提到,在山西、陕西、贵州、甘肃等资源禀赋条件较好且具有甲醇汽车运行经验的地区,加快甲醇汽车的应用。政策扶持之下,企业不断试水市场。4月26日,吉利甲醇重卡车下线暨上市发布会在吉利四川南充基地举行。吉利一次性推出了3个版本,包括平原版、山区版和区域物流版,显示了不小的市场野心。据吉利称,其甲醇重卡车发动机寿命超过100万公里,在工况验证过程中获得了煤炭运输、水泥运输、砂石料运输、区域物流等多个行业客户的肯定。据悉,就动力性而言,远程甲醇重卡功率、爬坡性能可与传统柴油重卡比肩,且比柴油重卡节能18%。甲醇燃料作为清洁能源,排放无烟炭,企业看好发展前景。近日,交通部等部门联合发布的《关于认真落实习近平总书记重要指示推动邮政业高质量发展的实施意见》中提出,要加快推进城市建成区新增和更新的邮政、快递车辆采用新能源或清洁能源汽车,2020年底重点区域使用比例达到80%。9月16日,圆通牵头的物流信息国家工程实验室与苏州奥加华新能源有限公司联合发布了一款“直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)物流车”。据称,该车标准工况下续航里程接近500公里,一次燃料加注时间仅需1分钟。9月25日,上海博氢研发的具备充电功能的甲醇物流车也亮相第二届长三角科技成果交易博览会。中国是全球第一甲醇生产国,年产能高达8500万吨。工业级甲醇价格为汽柴油的1/3左右,且价格稳定,配送网络遍及全国。原材料的稳定供应和能源转换技术的突破,为甲醇汽车推广提供了很好的现实土壤。据悉,直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)减少了甲醇重整分解制氢流程,用甲醇直接在电极上反应发电。这样的电堆结构相对简单,工作温度更低,发电成本也更低。如果能够大规模应用于快递物流业,将为减少我国物流总费用、提高物流效率、改善环境质量带来较大改善,相关企业也正是在政策支持之下,看好了这个细分市场并开始发力。氢能源车方兴未艾9月25日,多国能源部长与会的“氢能源部长会议”在日本东京举行。会议提出未来10年,在全球普及1000万辆利用氢行驶的燃料电池车(FCV),并建设1万处加氢站。与此同时,国产氢能源车布局也不断加速。2017年,中国汽车工程学会牵头编制的《节能与新能源汽车技术路线图》提出,到2020年、2025年、2030年,中国将分别建成100座、300座、1000座加氢站。今年3月,“推动加氢等设施建设”首次写入政府工作报告,相关企业也积极投身氢能源车的研发与配套设施建设。2015年1月,以氢能源技术见长的丰田,宣布将无偿提供5680项氢燃料电池系统相关专利(包括正在申请中的专利)的使用权。丰田将在中国市场导入初期,无偿提供燃料电池组约1970项、高压储氢罐约290项、燃料电池控制系统约3350项、加氢站相关专利约70项,专利基本涵盖了氢燃料电池系统产业链。据悉,江苏常熟公交3号线路即将于今年12月上线的20辆氢燃料公交车,就将采用丰田公司的电堆,丰田方面承诺电堆质保60万公里。
在2019年版《鼓励外商投资产业目录》中,明确规定鼓励外资参与新能源汽车、智能汽车关键零部件等高质量发展。加氢站建设和经营、新能源汽车关键零部件制造及研发、燃料电池发动机、燃料电池堆等条目均赫然在列。地方政府的氢能源产业规划也为资本市场注入信心。9月9日,贵州六盘水氢能源产业研讨暨合作对接洽谈会在贵阳召开,会上正式发布《六盘水市氢能源产业发展规划(2019年—2030年)》,2019年下半年将启动建设贵州省内首座液氢工厂,解决当前氢气制、贮、运的难题。江苏省近日也发布了氢燃料电池汽车产业发展行动规划,计划到2025年基本建成完整的氢燃料电池汽车产业体系,争取整车产量突破1万辆,建设加氢站50座以上,基本形成布局合理的加氢网络。因此,笔者认为,后补贴时代,在电动汽车稍有领先优势的情况下,以氢燃料电池汽车和甲醇汽车为代表的其他类型新能源汽车有能力在政策支持下保持强势挑战姿态,电能、氢能、甲醇三大主力能源究竟是瓜分市场份额,还是各领风骚若许年,仍要依靠技术创新和市场竞争力说话。本文来源:中国政府采购报
原创文章,作者:cesifu,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.cesifu.com/article/60980.html
评论列表(31条)
The work is truly inspirational. I appreciate the depth you bring to The topics.
You’ve articulated The points with such finesse. Truly a pleasure to read.
Brilliant writing! You’ve perfectly captured the essence of the topic.
The way you break down ideas is like a chef explaining a recipe, making hard to understand dishes seem simple.
You present hard to understand topics in a clear and engaging way, as if inviting me on an adventure of the mind.
The insights light up my intellect like fireworks. Thanks for the show!
The perspective is incredibly valuable to me. Thanks for opening my eyes to new ideas.
Adding value to the conversation, because what’s a discussion without The two cents?
Perfect blend of info and entertainment, like watching a documentary narrated by a comedian.
I must commend you on the outstanding quality of your post. The balance of well-researched information with your personal insights made it incredibly rewarding to read. Your dedication to excellence is evident in every word. I’m so glad I found your blog.
This article was a joy to read. The enthusiasm is contagious!
Stumbling upon this article was the highlight of my day, much like catching a glimpse of a smile across the room.
You have a gift for explaining things in an understandable way, much like a smooth talker who knows just what to say.
You have a knack for presenting hard to understand topics in an engaging way. Kudos to you!
I’m so grateful for the information you’ve shared. It’s been incredibly enlightening!
Distilling hard to understand concepts into readable content, or what I like to call, a miracle.
The insights dazzled me more than a candlelit dinner. Thanks for lighting up my intellect.
The writing style had me at hello. Engaged from start to finish, just like a perfect first date.
The analysis is like a well-crafted movie—engaging, enlightening, and leaving me thinking long after it’s over.
Your post resonated with me on many levels. Thank you for writing it!
I’m always excited to see your posts in my feed. Another excellent article!
The writing captivated me from the first paragraph to the last. It’s rare to find such engaging content.
The ability to connect with readers is like a secret handshake, making us feel part of an exclusive club.
I’m genuinely impressed by the depth of your analysis. Great work!
I’m so glad I stumbled upon this article. It was exactly what I needed to enjoy reading!
Your post resonated with me on many levels. Thank you for writing it!
A masterpiece of writing! You’ve covered all bases with elegance.
I always learn something new from your posts. Thank you for the education!
You’ve opened my eyes to new perspectives. Thank you for the enlightenment!
This was a great enjoy reading—thought-provoking and informative. Thank you!
Such a well-researched piece! It’s evident how much effort you’ve put in.