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2019.12.10
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最近,第一批新能源汽车动力电池的退役期即将到来,一些新能源车主正面临着换电池还是低价卖车的两难窘境。
首批新能源车电池报废高峰来临换电池还是低价卖?
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△央视财经《正点财经》栏目视频五年前,张先生购买了一辆混合动力的新能源汽车,但是几年用下来,他明显感受到续航能力不足、充电掉电等问题也越来越明显。
深圳市民 张先生:当时4S店的指导价是二十一万八左右,拿下来是十七万多。以前刚买的时候,车子充满电开个八十多公里,这是很正常的,但是现在四五年以后,可能只能开四十多公里,续航能力下降。
张先生想把这辆新能源汽车卖掉,但在二手车市场问了一圈下来,二手车商给的价格却让他十分无奈。据一家二手车城的负责人陈岳介绍,像张先生家这样的车,在二手车市场上的价格一般都不高。
深圳大昌行二手车城负责人 陈岳:新车是十五万到十七万左右,新能源汽车如果是用了三年,我们的折旧顶多也就大概是在八九万左右。但是如果是用了五六年,没碰撞的情况(之)下,我们收购的价格顶多也是四万多。公里数多,车况不好,那可能才三万多。
据了解,张先生的新能源汽车的质保即将过期,过期后更换电池就需要自费了。记者从4S店了解到,质保过期后,如果要更换电池,费用预计在4万元左右。这与二手车市场上部分新能源车的价格基本一致。据业内人士介绍,现在一般汽车动力电池的使用年限为5—8年,受早期技术因素的制约,第一批投入市场的新能源车动力电池基本处于淘汰临界点,新能源汽车动力蓄电池“退役”的高峰期即将来临。
新能源行业洗牌影响二手市场交易车商收车热情低
△央视财经《正点财经》栏目视频
深圳腾达兄弟汽车有限公司总经理 刘强告诉记者,在二手车市场,燃油车一直是绝对的主力军。前几年,新能源车型层出不穷,可谓百花齐放,大家都不想错过机会,虽说量不大但多少都会收上一些。可好景不长,今年以来几家新能源车企先后爆雷停产,这些品牌的二手车一时间无人问津,大大挫伤了车商们的收车热情。
深圳澳业汽车有限公司销售经理 徐广璧:适当的有点配比,一个月一台两台这样,卖完再拿卖完再收。小的牌子必须规避,因为不好卖。
央视财经记者来到深圳市的一处二手车交易市场,只看到了非常少量的新能源车型,在整个市场中的占比甚至不到5%。一些车商表示,新能源二手车的周转率本身就要比燃油车低上很多,如果贸然把新能源车收回来,很有可能几个月甚至半年销不出去。而在这期间,车辆的折价风险也很高。
新能源二手车保值率低开一年打六折△央视财经《正点财经》栏目视频
近日,工信部发布《新能源汽车产业发展规划(2021-2035年)》(征求意见稿),其中就指出我国新能源汽车产业生态尚不健全的问题。除了销量不大,保值率低是新能源二手车的另一个特点。中国汽车金融暨保值率研究委员会发布的《2019中国汽车保值率报告》显示,从新能源汽车的1年保值率情况来看,排在前五位的是特斯拉MODEL X、特斯拉MODEL S、别克VELITE 5、沃尔沃S60L和比亚迪宋DM,保值率分别为74.98%、71.42%、60.67%、58.43%、58.05%。除了特斯拉能保持在70%以上,其余车型的保值率普遍偏低,开上一年基本就打了六折。
残值低、保值率低让新能源二手车市场陷入了“卖家不想卖,车商不愿收,买家不敢买”的怪圈。尤其因为不了解动力电池情况,很多车商不愿意参与新能源二手车流通,怕找不到买家、“砸在手里”。
中汽协的数据显示,2019 年上半年,在全球车市普遍下行的大环境中,国内新能源汽车销量仍保持同比增长49.6%的态势,销售达61.7万辆。在一些业内人士看来,目前我国新能源汽车的新车市场和二手车市场可谓冰火两重天,但随着新能源车保有量的不断增加,二手车市场的几大问题,有望随着市场规模的扩大陆续被解决。
天风证券汽车行业首席分析师 邓学:新能源二手车市场现在亟待市场的一些政策和法规,包括一些监管层面上的政策配套,来完善和改善行业的一个理性发展的路径。
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原创文章,作者:cesifu,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.cesifu.com/article/69663.html
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